is there a way to run C code designed for an embedded micro-controller on a normal computer?

I have a C code which is written for an ATmega16 chip, and is full of keywords like :

flash, eeprom, bit

and macros(?) like

interrupt [TIM1_OVF] void timer1_ovf_isr(void)

that come before function signatures.

Now what I want to do is write and run unit tests that verify the correctness of the logic of the controller unit and I want to be able to run these tests on any computer and not need to have the "device" that the code represents.

I searched a lot and came across "abstracting the hardware" and "replacing them with stubs" kind of solutions, but I'm not sure how I can abstract something like "interrupt [TIM1_OVF]" in the code!

I was wondering if there any special tools that provide the environment for running these sorts of codes?

And also if I am going at it wrong, can anybody point me in the right direction? giving that changing or rewriting (!) the micro-controller's code might not be an option?

Thanks a bunch.