Spring: How to populate database based on deploy or test configuration?

I am writing a Spring server that serves JSON data, from MongoDB.

To test the components, I am following a tutorial which unit tests controllers here: http://ift.tt/1zpNUDt . This involves Autowiring the webApplicationContext.

However, I would like to populate the DB based on whether the server is runnning unit tests, or is in deploy mode.

Is there a way I can pass a configuration value to the ApplicationContext, such that the Application is mocked differently?